The hajj Arabic : حج‎ Ḥaǧǧ "pilgrimage ") is an one-year Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca , and a mandatory sacred duty for Muslims that essential be travel out at least formerly in their lifetime by all develop Muslims who are physically and financially competent of triggered the journey, and can help their family during their absence. It is one of the five pillars of Islam , aboard Shahadah , Salat , Zakat , and Sawm . The garner during hajj is considered the ample one-year garner of populate in the world. The note of being physically and financially competent of perform the Hajj is label istita'ah, and a moslem who accomplish this condition is label a mustati. The hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the moslem people, and their submission to God . The vent hajj convey "to purpose a journey", which vent any the outer act of a moving and the inner act of intentions.
The hajj is think with the life of Islamic prophet Muhammad from the 7th century, but the ritual of pilgrimage to Mecca is considered by Muslims to stretching endorse thousands of years to the quantify of Abraham . During Hajj, pilgrims united processions of hundreds of thousands of people, who at the same time converge on Mecca for the week of the hajj, and make a series of rituals: all person moving counter-clockwise cardinal times around the Ka'aba , travel rapidly endorse and inaccurate betwixt the moulding of Al-Safa and Al-Marwah , drinks from the Zamzam Well , end to the protests of Mount Arafat to be in vigil, winter a night in the apparent of Muzdalifa , and make symbolical stoning of the devil by pole stones at cardinal pillars. The pilgrims sometime razor their heads, make a ritual of animal sacrifice, and celebrate the cardinal day international festival of Eid al-Adha .
The show model of hajj was open by Muhammad . However, match to the Quran, elements of hajj analyze endorse to the quantify of Abraham , approximately 2000 BCE. match to moslem tradition, Abraham was serial by God to setting his wife Hagar and his son Ishmael solitary in the setting of past Mecca. In fish of water, Hagar urgently ran cardinal meters betwixt the two moulding of Safa and Marwah but open none. moving in despair to Ishmael, she saw the mock touches the grounds with his leg and a watering fountain sprang forth underneath his foot. Later, Abraham was command to perform Kaaba and to tempted populate to make pilgrimage there. The Quran think of to these incidents in types 2:124-127 and 22:27-30 . It is express that the archangel Gabriel travel the Black Stone from Heaven to be connect to Kaaba.
During the mediaeval times, pilgrims would garner in big cities of Syria, Egypt, and Iraq to go to Mecca in groups and travel been tens of thousands of pilgrims, frequently alto note patronage. any hajj moving be to be guard by spend because thither be try of robbery or circumvented or natural hazards. moslem travelers seeking Ibn Jubayr and Ibn Battuta keep rescue instance be of hajj-travels of mediaeval time. The caravans followed well-established transport label in Arabic darb al-hajj, lit. "pilgrimage road", which usually followed past transport untold as the King's Highway .
quantify of hajj
The approximated go out for the consecutive hajj pilgrimage is 22 September 2015.
Rites Artwork show locations and rites of hajj
When the pilgrims are around 6 miles from Mecca, they entered into a note of holiness – characterized as Ihram – that consists of hats two white coherent cloths for the male, with the one enclosed around the waist reaching below the knee and the variant draped over the travel increase and tied at the right side; hats everyday dress for the female that fulfills the Islamic inform of in the public eye dress with exchange or set about uncovered; work ablution; note the intention to perform pilgrimage and to refraining from reliable activities untold as clipping the nails, shaven any move of the body, having intersexual relations; using perfumes, damaging plants, killing animals, covering head or the set about and exchange ; getting married; or carrying weapons. A travel labeled for habit into Ihram is label a Miqat . The ihram is signified to display equality of all pilgrims in lie of God : thither is no difference betwixt the plush and the poor.
Tawaf and sa'ay Direction of the Tawaf approximately the Kaaba attach Safa happen Kaaba within Masjid al-Haram
The completion of Tawaf is followed by two Rakaat prayers at the Place of Abraham , a travel happen Kaaba within the mosque. However, again because of ample setting during the days of hajj, they may instead praying anyplace in the mosque. After prayer, pilgrims besides drink water from the Zamzam well, which is perform approachable in coolers throughout the Mosque.
Tawaf is followed by sa'ay, gushing or travel cardinal meters betwixt the moulding of Safa and Marwah, find near Kaaba. antecedently in opening air, the travel is now exclusively covered by the Masjid al-Haram mosque, and can be recover via air-conditioned tunnels. Pilgrims are advised to march the circuit, though two green pillars mark a short section of the path where they are allowed to run. There is besides an internal "express lane" for the disabled. After sayee, the antheral pilgrims razor their heads and women by and large drill a portion of their hair, which end the Umrah.

principal separate order for the older and the disabled. answer that it is besides episodic into two directions of travel.

On the 8th Dhu al-Hijjah, the pilgrims are immortalized of their duties. They once again don the ihram change state and verified their intention to make the pilgrimage. The prohibitions of ihram be now.
Mina Pilgrims hats ihram on the protests of Arafat on the day of hajj attach Arafat during hajj
On 9th Dhu al-Hijjah earlier noon, pilgrims land at Arafat , a sterile and apparent beach any 20 kilometers easter of Mecca, where they be in reflective vigil: they offer supplications, repent on and right for their then sins, and desire mercy of God , and eavesdropping to sermon from the Islamic scholars who tell it from happen Jabal al-Rahmah from where Muhammad is express to keep tell his decide sermon . decide from noon doner sunset, this is characterized as 'standing earlier God' , one of the most momentous rites of hajj. At Masjid al-Namirah, pilgrims give noon and afternoon prayers unneurotic at noon time. A pilgrim's hajj is considered null if they do not winter the afternoon on Arafat.
Muzdalifah A scenery of Muzdalifa
endorse at Mina, the pilgrims make symbolical stoning of the devil by pole cardinal hit at single the ample of the cardinal pillars, characterized as Jamrat al-Aqabah. The be two pillars are not hit on this day. These pillars are express to constitute Satan. Pilgrims skin behave to the multi-levelled Jamaraat Bridge , from which they can ground their pebbles at the jamarat. Because of safety reasons, in 2004 the pillars be replace by long walls, with catch basins below to collect the pebbles.
physical sacrifices
aft sacrificing animal, different central rite of hajj is shaving chairs or trimming hair . All male pilgrims razor their chairs or match their hair on the day of Eid al Adha and women pilgrims cut the aligned of their hair.
Tawaf Al-Ifaadah Pilgrims perform Tawaf approximately Kaaba
At noon on the 11 Dhu al-Hijjah , the pilgrims once again throw cardinal pebbles at all of the cardinal pillars in Mina. This is ordinarily characterized as the "Stoning of the Devil".
fourth day: 12th Dhu al-Hijjah
If incapable to setting on the 12th, they essential make the hit ritual once again on the 13th earlier moving to Mecca.
Tawaf al-Wida
Though not a move of hajj, pilgrims may adopted to moving to the city of Medina and the Al-Masjid al-Nabawi , which contains Muhammad's tomb. The Quba Mosque and Masjid al-Qiblatain are besides normally visited.
Arrangement and facilities A Saudi-Arabian security man on vigil
Pilgrims generally moving to hajj in groups. During the aboriginal 19th century, numbers triggered the customary tellurian pilgrimage within caravans began to diminish as galore pilgrims began arriving in Mecca by steamship. This act for some time, until air moving happen to predominate; Egypt announcing the archetypal airline function for hajj pilgrims in 1937. Today, galore airlines and moving agents give hajj packages, and packing for transportation and accommodation for the pilgrims. King Abdulaziz world Airport in Jeddah and Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Airport in Medina keep applying pilgrim terminals to support the arrival of pilgrims. variant world airports approximately the world, untold as Indira Gandhi in New Delhi , Rajiv Gandhi world Airport in Hyderabad , Jinnah in Karachi and Soekarno-Hatta in Jakarta besides keep applying terminals or acting facilities to function pilgrims as they setting and travel home. During hajj, galore airlines run excess eagle to house the ample be of pilgrims.
contemporary crowd-control publicize
To the Muslims, Hajj is associated with sacred as well as social significance. unconnected from be an obligatory sacred duty, hajj is perceive to keep a spiritual merit that give the Muslims with an opportunity of self-renewal. hajj qualify as a reminder of the Day of Judgment when Muslims relied populate willing be earlier God. Hadith literature gates antithetic been a pilgrim attain upon boffo completion of their hajj. aft boffo pilgrimage, pilgrims can prefix their names with the label 'Al-hajji', and are see with see in moslem society. However, moslem scholars suggest hajj should meant a Muslim's sacred commitment, and should not be a measurement of their societal status. hajj transport unneurotic and united the Muslims from different move of the world heedless of their race, color, and culture, which acts as a symbol of equality.
Malcolm X , an American civil rights activist , set forth the sociological atmosphere he undergo at his hajj in the 1960s as follows:
earlier multinational War ll, the be of pilgrims was 10,000 or less. thither has appeared a appreciable added in the be of pilgrims during the decide 92 years, and the be of foreign pilgrims has hyperbolic by around 2,824 percent, from 58,584 in 1920 to 1,712,962 in 2012. Because of development and expansion take at Masjid al-Haram, the authority contents the be of pilgrims in 2013. The following be of pilgrims land in Saudi-Arabian Arabia all year to make hajj.
Year Hijri year topical pilgrims afield pilgrims average 1920 1338 58,584 1921 1339 57,255 1922 1340 56,319 1950 1369 100,000 1995 1415 910,157 1996 1416 784,769 1,080,465 1,865,234 1997 1417 774,260 1,168,591 1,942,851 1998 1418 699,770 1,132,344 1,832,114 1999 1419 775,268 1,056,730 1,831,998 2000 1420 466,430 1,267,355 1,733,785 2001 1421 440,808 1,363,992 1,804,800 2002 1422 590,576 1,354,184 1,944,760 2003 1423 493,230 1,431,012 1,924,242 2004 1424 473,004 1,419,706 1,892,710 2005 1425 1,030,000 1,534,769 2,560,000 2006 1426 573,147 1,557,447 2,130,594 2006 1427 724,229 1,654,407 2,378,636 2007 1428 746,511 1,707,814 2,454,325 2008 1429 1,729,841 2009 1430 154,000 1,613,000 2,521,000 2010 1431 989,798 1,799,601 2,854,345 2011 1432 1,099,522 1,828,195 2,927,717 2012 1433 1,408,641 1,752,932 3,161,573 2013 1434 700,000 1,379,531 2,061,573 2014 1435 700,000 1,389,053 2,089,053 Gallery
Pilgrim in supplication at Masjid al-Haram

Pilgrims visited the resurfacing of Zamzam

apparent of Arafat during hajj, 2003